In all cells, lipids are needed to protect cellular structure, generate energy, provide signal transmission. As a result of increased lipidomic studies, lipids species and their cellular interactions have been better understood. In many studies, it has been shown that sphingolipids are associated with various cellular functions, such as cell viability/proliferation, embryo development, regulation of steroidogenesis and immunity, also some pathological processes, especially chronic inflammatory diseases. Understanding biological functions of sphingolipids may helpful in understanding development of diseases and determining treatment targets. However, the fact that sphingolipid metabolites can be transformed into each other and involved in many processes at the same time result with difficulties in understanding these mechanisms.